Stove



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN HENDERSON, OF llORsEHEADS NEw YORK.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 24,634, dated July 5, 1859.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN HENDERSON, of Horseheads, in the county ofChemung and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Mode ofConstructing Cooking-Stoves; and I do hereby declare that the followingis a full, clear, and exact descrip tion of the construction andoperation of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,making part of this specification, and to the letters of referencemarked thereon.

The nature of my invention consists in an arrangement of the fines forthe more equal distribution and better regulation of the heat, andventilation of the oven, and also of constructing it in two parts whichare capable of forming a stove of difierent form and convenience by aslight change of position.

Figure 1 represents a vertical section of my stove and Fig. 2, is anelevation of the back of the oven, and Fig. 3, of the front of the same,with the fire part removed.

The same letters refer to like parts in all the figures.

A is the fire-chamber, B the ash-box, C the oven. There are fourpassages from the fire-chamber to the fines surrounding the oven, D D,Figs. 1 and 3. The space in front of the oven between the lining and thefront-plate is divided into three portions by partitions which starthorizontally from each side, directly over the fire passages D D, but onpassing them are carried upward to the top of the oven. These partitionsare shown through the front plate Fig. 3, by the red dotted lines a a.

Z), is a damper which lies across the cen tral flue, which is operatedby the rod 0.

The space between the oven and the back plate is divided by two verticalpartitions (Z cl, Fig. 2, into three divisions or flues. Thesepartitions terminate at the middle or thereabout of the bottom of theoven, at c Fig. l.

The operation of the lines is as follows: The products of combustionenter from the passages D D and ascend the fines E E, Fig. 3, and uniteat the top of the oven. A

of the oven, until it reaches the bottom where it unites with that fromthe lower passages D D when the whole returns up the central column G,and finds egress at the pipe H. The black arrows indicate the directionof the draft, and the dotted ones the returning or ascending columnwhich escapes through the pipe. Thus the heat is very uniformly andeffectually imparted to the oven, effecting a very important economy infuel. By closing the damper b, in the fine I the heat of the oven willbe moderated by driving all that from the upper passages D D, throughthe flues F F. When the oven is not in use the damper f is thrown downas shown in dotted lines closing the flue G, and by opening the damperb, the heat all passes over the top of the oven and directly escapesthrough the pipe.

Dampers are provided which close the lower fire-passages D D,consequently no heat escapes under the oven.

My stove is constructed in two distinct parts, one containing thefire-chamber and ash-box, and the other the oven and fines. A space oftwo or three inches in depth intervenes between the two parts, whichforms a heating chamber, being directly in contact with the fire back.It occupies all the space bounded by the lines 9 g g and thefire-passages D D Fig. 3. The bottom plate of this chamber shown,detached in plan at J Fig. 1., is perforated with holes which admitexternal air, which, becoming heated, is admitted through holes h 71.into the airpassage 2', which carries it to the top of the oven where itenters through a series of holes in the lining at y'. The ventilation ofthe oven is perfected by carrying off the vapor and gases throughapertures at 70 by means of concealed flues in the partitions (7 (I,which terminate in the top of those partitions in close connection withthe smokepipe, so that a strong draft is always produced. Theseconcealed ventilating fines are made by constructing the partitions d d,bifurcated, as shown by the cross-section, Fig. 4. The parts Z Z, fitclosely against the oven lining and thus form a passage m which excludesdust and smoke from entering the oven. The air passage is formed by thepartition it immediately above the fire passage D, and the serpentinepartition 0 starting underneath the upper passage D. The red arrows showthe air as entering the heating chamber K, and its course through V Fig.1.

the oven and ventilating flues until it finds egress at the smoke-pipe.

In the form described and represented in Fig. l, I call my stove thePresident. By a slight rotation of its parts, it becomes the ReversePresident, capable of fulfilling a new office in the domestic departmentand admirably adapting it to the require ments of the time. This objectis effected by reversing the part containing the oven, placing the backplate L in conjunction with the fire-part, by which the smoke-pipe isbrought forward of the oven in a position about the middle of the stoveas seen at By this means the stove may be used, when not required forbaking, by passing the heat directly from the fire up the pipe, therebypreventing the waste of heat and fuel when the requirements in cookingare limited. To produce this change the back plate is cast with holeslike those in the front plate corresponding to the fire passages D I)(the pattern is so constructed, but the holes are closed up in moldingfor the back plate of the President, which is plain) and the front plateis cast with the holes D D filled up. r

The serpentine partition 0 occupies the position shown by dotted lines 0forming with the partition n the air passage to the oven, the air beingadmitted in and out on the same side of the oven. In other respects theoperation of the fines is the same when the oven is in use.

The two principal parts of the stove are united by means of flanges thatlockrtogether and are secured by keys. A flange at the top of the upperfire passage 79 Fig.

1, takes the front plate, while a hooked flange is turned on the edge ofthe bottom plate at 1" (shown enlarged at Fig. 5) receives a'key orlocking wedges, which effectually secures the parts together without theuse of bolts or screws. A flange g g on the front plate covers thejoint.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

l. The combination and arrangement of the fire passages D and D, withthe lines E E and I, damper b back flues F F and G, with their dividingpartitions terminating at 0', whereby the products of combustion areconveyed from the'fire box around the oven in both directions,commingling underneath it, for economizing the heat, and diffusing itequally, substantially in the manner and for the purpose set forth.

2. I do not claimthe use of a heating chamber intervening between theoven and fire-box, nor the admission of external air within the oven,but I claim the construction and arrangement of the ventilatingpassages, z' i, and concealed flues, m m, the

former having their origin in the heating chamber K, and terminating ator near the top of the oven, and the latter starting from the lower partthereof, and terminating in the flue G, whereby external 'air isadmitted and currents thereof passed through the oven substantially asand for the purposes specified.

JOHN HENDERSON.

Witnesses:

J. FRASER, A. E. FRASER.

